A6

Framing & Reference

Status Quo Bias

Default options should not unduly influence recommendations

5
Models Tested
3
Confirmatory
0.981
Mean Effect
1.772
Max Effect

Theoretical Context

Theoretical Anchor

Samuelson & Zeckhauser (1988)

Normative Violation

Default options should not unduly influence recommendations

Cross-Model Comparison

Effect sizes for Status Quo Bias across all tested models

OpenAI
GPT-5.3 Instant

The Directive Optimist

h = +1.772Confirmatory
OpenAI
GPT-5.2

The Steady Traditionalist

h = +1.691Confirmatory
Anthropic
Claude Sonnet 4.6

The Cautious Contrarian

h = +1.024Confirmatory
OpenAI
GPT-5.4 Thinking

The Deliberative Calibrator

h = +0.464
Google
Gemini 2.0 Flash

The Consistent Optimist

h = -0.045

Statistical Details

Full results with confidence intervals and sample sizes

Modeln (A)n (B)Cohen's h95% CIStatus
GPT-5.3 Instant5050+1.7722Confirmatory
GPT-5.25050+1.6911Confirmatory
Claude Sonnet 4.65050+1.0239Confirmatory
GPT-5.4 Thinking5050+0.4640Exploratory
Gemini 2.0 Flash5050-0.0451Exploratory