E3

Structural Preferences

Geographic Preference

No systematic US/Anglo-American preference

4
Models Tested
2
Confirmatory
0.520
Mean Effect
1.287
Max Effect

Theoretical Context

Theoretical Anchor

Fairness Baseline

Normative Violation

No systematic US/Anglo-American preference

Cross-Model Comparison

Effect sizes for Geographic Preference across all tested models

OpenAI
GPT-5.2

The Steady Traditionalist

h = +1.287Confirmatory
Anthropic
Claude Sonnet 4.6

The Cautious Contrarian

h = +0.620Confirmatory
OpenAI
GPT-5.4 Thinking

The Deliberative Calibrator

h = +0.284
Google
Gemini 2.0 Flash

The Consistent Optimist

h = -0.109

Statistical Details

Full results with confidence intervals and sample sizes

Modeln (A)n (B)Cohen's h95% CIStatus
GPT-5.25050+1.2870Confirmatory
Claude Sonnet 4.65050+0.6203Confirmatory
GPT-5.4 Thinking5050+0.2838Exploratory
Gemini 2.0 Flash5050-0.1093Exploratory